The cathedral of Huesca, built in Gothic style, was begun at the end of the 13th century and completed at the beginning of the 16th century. It was originally dedicated to "Jesús Nazareno" but is popularly known as "Catedral de Santa María".

The building project of the cathedral of Huesca began in the time of James I of Aragon (1213-1276); somewhat late, compared to other churches in the area, which date from the Romanesque period. This is due to the fact that Christian worship in Huesca took place in the building of the old mosque of the aljama until the end of the 13th century.

In 1273, when Jaime Sarroca, nephew of King James I, was consecrated bishop of Huesca,2 this monarch considered it unseemly to hold Christian worship in the old mosque, so in the same year he proposed the construction, on the site of the mosque, of a cathedral in the Gothic style that predominated in Europe. The initial design proposed a three-nave building with five chapels at the chancel and a transept.

Between 1273 and 13082 the chancel with five apses, the north wall of the transept with a round-arched doorway and the annex building, the so-called "Sacristía Vieja" (Old Sacristy), which serves as a sacristy and archive, were erected. All this is in the Gothic style.

Between 1297 and 1304, the side naves and the chapels integrated into them were built, four in each nave, which were given to private individuals "in exchange for a large sum of money, so that they could be converted into family pantheons".

Between 1327 and 13482 the simple ribbed vaults of the side naves were erected and the central nave and transept were covered with a wooden roof. The first architects identified in the cathedral's works belong to this period: John Doncels (1328) and William English (1338).

Between the second half of the 14th century and the first half of the 15th century, thanks to the impulse of Benedict XIII, Pope Luna, the tower was raised and the construction of a Gothic cloister was begun to replace the old Romanesque one, although only the south gallery was finished.

At the end of the 15th century, Bishop Juan de Aragón y Navarra commissioned Juan de Olozaga to enlarge the walls of the transept, apses and central nave, and to cover them all with star-shaped ribbed vaults. The work was completed in 1511.