The wall of Tarragona is a military fence of Roman origin that surrounds the old part of the city. It stands out because it is one of the sites of the World Heritage Site known as the "Archaeological Ensemble of Tarraco". It is also the oldest building in Roman Tarraco. It was originally a simple wooden palisade to protect the military garrison.

It was built at the end of the 3rd century BC, although specialists have not yet agreed on whether it was built during the Second Punic War or later. It is known to have been extended during the 2nd century BC, probably during the formation of the Roman city of Tarraco. Three original towers remain from this period: the Arquebisbe, Cabiscol and Minerva towers.

In 217-77 BC it was enlarged and strengthened with a stone front 6 m high and about 4.5 m thick, with towers at weak points. It was about 4 km long in the 3rd century BC. Today, however, only about 1 km and an original voussoir gate remain.

After the Islamic invasion, Tarraco was gradually depopulated and it was not until the occupation of Ramon Berenguer IV in the 12th century that the wall was reused and repaired. Various modifications and repairs are known from the modern and contemporary periods, and it was modified during the Napoleonic occupation.

Since the end of the 19th century it has been public property and a World Heritage Site, and is one of the characteristic symbols of the city of Tarragona.